🔍
SS-31 - Pro
SS-31 - Pro
  1. SS-31 - Pro
  2. SS-31 - Pro

SS-31 – Pro

Pro Series
Mitochondrial-Targeting Tetrapeptide
CAS 736992-21-5C₃₂H₄₉N₉O₅639.8 g/mol (Elamipretide / SS-31 Parent Compound)4 amino acidsLinear peptideLyophilized powder

Price range: $60.00 through $550.00

Ships from lot SD-260725-1 · 10 mg vial · 99.3% purity · Optiq Health Labs See the COA
Why the Pro Series costs more
  • Synthesized in the USA. Domestic ground and air only, no ocean freight.
  • Released only above 99% HPLC purity.
  • Its own lot and its own published certificate.
How the Pro Series is made and tested
Ships from Austin, TexasUnited States only
Tested by an outside labNever in-house
Every lot publishedIncluding rejected lots
Same-day dispatchOn orders before 2pm ET
SKU: N/A Category: Tags: ,
BATCH
VERIFICATION
LOT NUMBER
SD-260725-1
10 mg vial
IDENTITY VERIFICATION
Confirmed: SS-31
NET CONTENT (POTENCY ASSAY)
10.12 mg
CHROMATOGRAPHIC PURITY
99.3%
Analytical characterization

Every result against its specification.

Lot SD-260725-1 · 10 mg vial · Optiq Health Labs · reported 8 August 2026 . The bar shows where the reported result falls against Astramide’s published release criterion. The notch marks the criterion.
Within criterion Above criterion Not on this COA
Test
Method
Criterion
Result
Result vs criterion
Status
Identity Verification
LC-MS
LC-MS match to the labelled compound
Confirmed: SS-31
WITHIN SPEC
Net content (Potency assay)
HPLC
10.12 mg
80 120
REPORTED
Chromatographic purity
RP-HPLC
at or above 98.0%
99.3%
95 at or above 98.0% 100
WITHIN SPEC
pH
Probe
within 5.0 to 8.0
5.6
WITHIN SPEC
Water activity
Probe
no specification stated on the COA
0.45 aw
WITHIN SPEC
Endotoxin
LAL
at or below 0.05 EU/mg
Pass
WITHIN SPEC
Sterility
USP <71>
no growth
Pass, no growth
WITHIN SPEC
Total yeast and mold
USP <61>/<62>
within limits
Pass
WITHIN SPEC
Residual solvents
GC-MS
below each analyte action limit
Pass, all analytes below action limits
WITHIN SPEC
Heavy metals
ICP-OES
within limits
Pass, arsenic, cadmium, lead and mercury not detected
WITHIN SPEC
Appearance
white lyophilized powder
Not reported on this COA
NOT REPORTED
Values are reported per vial unless otherwise noted. Every figure here is taken from the batch Certificate of Analysis and nothing else.
Certificate of Analysis
SS-31 - Pro · Lot SD-260725-1 · 10 mg vial · Lab No. SD-260725-1
Download Full screen
Your browser cannot display the report inline. Open the PDF.
Optiq Health Labs · 2 pages · served inline, not a screenshot
Quick reference

How to read this report

Same six keys on every Astramide product page. Only the values change.
1Lot numberMatch it to the number printed on your vial. If they differ, this report is not for your vial.
2IdentityMass spectrometry confirms the molecule is the one on the label. It conforms or it does not. There is no partial result.
3Chromatographic purityThe share of the material that is the target peptide. A purity figure quoted without a method is not a purity figure.
4Net contentHow much peptide is in the vial, as measured by the laboratory. A different question from purity.
5EndotoxinMeasured against a ceiling, not a floor. Sensitivity differs by laboratory, so results are not compared across labs.
6Laboratory, method, dateWho ran it, on what instrument, and when. A report with no named laboratory or no date is not a report.
Molecular profile

SS-31 - Pro, in structural terms.

SS-31 - Pro molecular structure
Sequence
H-D-Arg-Dmt-Lys-Phe-NH₂ Expanded: D-Arginine – 2′,6′-Dimethyl-L-Tyrosine – L-Lysine – L-Phenylalaninamide Length: 4 residues Dmt = 2′,6′-dimethyltyrosine The sequence and stereochemical configuration are important because SS-31 contains both a D-amino acid (D-Arg) and a noncanonical modified tyrosine residue (Dmt)
Molecular formula
C₃₂H₄₉N₉O₅
Molecular weight
639.8 g/mol (Elamipretide / SS-31 Parent Compound)
CAS number
736992-21-5
Peptide length
4 amino acids
Structure type
Linear peptide
Parent sequence
Not Applicable — Synthetic Szeto-Schiller Tetrapeptide
Primary molecular target
Cardiolipin, an anionic phospholipid of the inner mitochondrial membrane. Studies in isolated mitochondria have reported that SS-31 associates with cardiolipin and with the cytochrome c/cardiolipin complex (Birk et al., 2014).
Physical form
Lyophilized powder
PubChem CID
11764719

SS-31 is a synthetic aromatic-cationic tetrapeptide consisting of alternating aromatic and basic amino-acid residues. The sequence is commonly represented as: D-Arg-Dmt-Lys-Phe-NH₂ where Dmt denotes 2′,6′-dimethyltyrosine. SS-31 is notable for its short four-residue structure and mitochondrial-targeting physicochemical characteristics. Experimental literature associates SS-31 with interactions involving the mitochondrial inner membrane and cardiolipin. SS-31 is a linear peptide, not a cyclic peptide.

Research profile

Where SS-31 - Pro appears in the literature.

Mitochondrial Biology; Cellular Bioenergetics; Redox Biology; Membrane Biophysics; Cardiolipin Research; Peptide Biology; Cellular Stress Research
Research applications
  • Mitochondrial bioenergetics; cardiolipin research; inner mitochondrial membrane research; electron-transport research; mitochondrial respiration; oxidative-stress models; mitochondrial ROS research; membrane-potential research; ATP-associated bioenergetics; mitochondrial structure-function studies; cellular stress research
Experimental systems
  • Isolated mitochondria; cardiolipin-containing membrane systems; mitochondrial membrane preparations; cultured-cell mitochondrial models; mitochondrial respiration platforms; oxidative-stress systems; cellular bioenergetic models; preclinical mitochondrial research systems
Specific assays
  • Oxygen-consumption assays in isolated mitochondria
  • Mitochondrial membrane-potential assays
  • Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species assays
  • ATP synthesis assays
  • Cytochrome c peroxidase activity assays
  • Cardiolipin binding studies in model lipid bilayers
  • Membrane surface electrostatics measurements
Measured endpoints
  • Oxygen consumption rate in isolated mitochondria
  • Mitochondrial membrane potential
  • Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production
  • ATP synthesis rate
  • Cytochrome c peroxidase activity
  • Peptide binding to cardiolipin-containing membranes
  • Membrane surface charge
Pcs

Single Vial, Pack of Ten
Strength

10mg
Mechanism and research context

What has been studied, and in what systems.

SS-31, also known as elamipretide and MTP-131, is a synthetic aromatic-cationic tetrapeptide of the Szeto-Schiller peptide class, with the sequence H-D-Arg-Dmt-Lys-Phe-NH₂. Its alternating aromatic and basic residues, including the non-canonical amino acid 2′,6′-dimethyltyrosine, give it a net positive charge.

Early studies examined the cell permeability of Szeto-Schiller peptides and their localisation to the inner mitochondrial membrane in cultured cells and isolated mitochondria (Zhao et al., 2004). Later work in isolated mitochondria reported that SS-31 interacts with cardiolipin and examined electron transport and ATP synthesis in those preparations (Birk et al., 2013; Birk et al., 2014).

Biophysical studies in model lipid bilayers have examined how SS-31 binding alters membrane surface electrostatics (Mitchell et al., 2020). Unlike peptide hormones studied at cell-surface receptors, SS-31 research centres on interactions with mitochondrial membranes and phospholipids.

These are published research systems. They do not describe approved clinical applications, and they do not establish efficacy or safety in humans.

Cited literature

Zhao K et al., 2004. Cell-permeable peptide antioxidants targeted to inner mitochondrial membrane inhibit mitochondrial swelling, oxidative cell death, and reperfusion injury. J Biol Chem. PMID 15178689. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15178689/
Birk AV et al., 2013. The mitochondrial-targeted compound SS-31 re-energizes ischemic mitochondria by interacting with cardiolipin. J Am Soc Nephrol. PMID 23813215. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23813215/
Birk AV et al., 2014. Targeting mitochondrial cardiolipin and the cytochrome c/cardiolipin complex to promote electron transport and optimize mitochondrial ATP synthesis. Br J Pharmacol. PMID 24134698. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24134698/
Mitchell W et al., 2020. The mitochondria-targeted peptide SS-31 binds lipid bilayers and modulates surface electrostatics as a key component of its mechanism of action. J Biol Chem. PMID 32273339. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32273339/

Evidence level
Extensive pre-clinical literature. The interaction of SS-31 with cardiolipin and mitochondrial membranes has been characterised in isolated mitochondria, cultured cells and model lipid bilayers (Birk et al., 2014; Mitchell et al., 2020). Statements on this page describe experimental systems only and make no claim about outcomes in humans.
Handling and storage
As supplied
Lyophilized powder in a sealed vial. Held in laboratory-rated freezers from arrival to shipment.
Storage
Store per the conditions printed on the vial label. Avoid heat, moisture and repeated temperature cycling.
Handling
For qualified professionals in controlled laboratory environments, following validated laboratory procedures.
Frequently asked questions

About this compound and its batch data.

What is SS-31?

SS-31, also known as elamipretide, is a synthetic tetrapeptide with the sequence H-D-Arg-Dmt-Lys-Phe-NH₂, where Dmt is 2′,6′-dimethyltyrosine. It belongs to the Szeto-Schiller class of aromatic-cationic peptides, with the molecular formula C₃₂H₄₉N₉O₅ and a molecular weight of about 639.8 g/mol. Astramide supplies SS-31 Pro as a lyophilized powder in a sealed 10 mg vial. Sold for research use only.

What has SS-31 been examined for in published research?

Published pre-clinical research has examined how SS-31 interacts with cardiolipin, a phospholipid of the inner mitochondrial membrane. Working with isolated mitochondria, Birk et al. (2014, PMID 24134698) studied how SS-31 binding to cardiolipin and the cytochrome c/cardiolipin complex related to electron transport and ATP synthesis. Other studies have used model lipid bilayers and cultured cells. Astramide makes no claim about outcomes in humans.

What purity does the current SS-31 Pro lot reach?

The current SS-31 Pro lot, SD-260725-1, measured 99.3% chromatographic purity by reverse-phase HPLC, against a release criterion of at least 98.0%. Identity was confirmed by LC-MS. The analysis was performed by Optiq Health Labs, an independent third-party laboratory, and reported on 8 August 2026. The full certificate for this lot is published on this page. Sold for research use only.

How much SS-31 Pro is in the vial?

Each SS-31 Pro vial carries a label claim of 10 mg. For lot SD-260725-1, the HPLC assay measured 10.12 mg of SS-31 in the tested vial, as reported on the certificate dated 8 August 2026. The figures apply to this lot only. The full certificate, including endotoxin, sterility, residual solvent and heavy metal results, is published on this page.

How should SS-31 be stored for research use?

SS-31 Pro is supplied as a lyophilized powder. Unopened vials are typically stored at -20°C and protected from light. Once reconstituted in a laboratory solvent, the solution is usually held at 2 to 8°C and used within 14 to 30 days. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Storage for a specific study should follow the laboratory’s own protocols.

What is the difference between SS-31 and SS-31 Pro?

SS-31 Pro is part of the Astramide Pro Series. It is American-made, synthesized in the USA, and moves by domestic ground and air only, with no ocean freight. It is released under its own lot, and only when HPLC purity measures above 99%. The full certificate for each lot is published on this page.

Research use only

This product is intended strictly for in-vitro laboratory research conducted by qualified professionals. It is not intended for human or animal consumption, clinical use, or therapeutic application. The statements on this page have not been reviewed by the FDA. These research peptides are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. Research Use Only.

COA library Every lot we have tested Search by batch number. Past lots stay published. How we test The analytical panel What each method measures and the criterion each lot must meet. Open Lab Send us your peptides Any vendor. Same lab. Your own Certificate of Analysis.
Ships from Austin, TexasUSPS or UPS, your choice
United States onlyFree shipping at $150 and over
Optional shipping insuranceAdded at checkout
Replacement or store creditOn approved claims. See refund policy.

Related products